CalcCalculadora de VPL
Última atualização: 2026-05-09
Digite seu email e baixe um relatório PDF com seus resultados.
| inversion (EUR) | flujo_anual (EUR) | Anos (yr) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Starter | 5000 EUR | 1200 EUR | 5 yr |
| Average | 7500 EUR | 1900 EUR | 5 yr |
| High | 10000 EUR | 2500 EUR | 5 yr |
| Premium | 15000 EUR | 3800 EUR | 5 yr |
| Enterprise | 20000 EUR | 5000 EUR | 5 yr |
NPV (Net Present Value) Calculator: investment evaluation
Net Present Value (NPV) is a financial metric that determines whether an investment is profitable by bringing all future cash flows to present value using a discount rate.
NPV formula
NPV is computed as:
NPV = Σ [CF_t / (1+r)ᵗ] − Initial_investment
Where CF_t is the cash flow in period t, r is the discount rate and t is the period. If NPV > 0, the investment is profitable; if NPV < 0, it is not.
Example 1: profitable investment
Problem: Initial investment of $10,000. Cash flows: Year 1: $3,000, Year 2: $4,000, Year 3: $5,000. Discount rate: 8%.
- Present value of each flow:
- Year 1: $3,000 / 1.08 = $2,777.78
- Year 2: $4,000 / 1.08² = $3,429.36
- Year 3: $5,000 / 1.08³ = $3,969.16
- NPV:
- NPV = $2,777.78 + $3,429.36 + $3,969.16 − $10,000 = $176.30.
Answer: NPV = $176.30. The investment is profitable (NPV > 0).
Example 2: unprofitable investment
Problem: Investment of $20,000. Cash flows: $5,000/year for 3 years. Rate: 10%.
- Present value:
- Year 1: $5,000 / 1.10 = $4,545.45
- Year 2: $5,000 / 1.10² = $4,132.23
- Year 3: $5,000 / 1.10³ = $3,756.57
- NPV:
- NPV = $4,545.45 + $4,132.23 + $3,756.57 − $20,000 = −$7,565.75.
Answer: NPV = −$7,565.75. The investment is not profitable.
Usos comuns
- Evaluating the viability of business investment projects.
- Comparing multiple projects to decide which to fund.
- Analyzing equipment or machinery purchases.
- Valuing companies and financial assets.
- Making expansion or product launch decisions.
- Presenting investment proposals to management or investors.
Common mistakes in NPV calculation
- Using an incorrect or outdated discount rate.
- Not including all relevant cash flows.
- Confusing NPV with IRR (Internal Rate of Return).
- Ignoring project-specific risk when choosing the rate.
Dica profissional
NPV is superior to the payback period because it considers the time value of money and all project cash flows. However, always complement NPV with other indicators like IRR and the profitability index.
Use your cost of capital (WACC) or the minimum acceptable rate of return. For riskier projects, use a higher rate.
It means the investment generates exactly the required rate of return. It neither creates nor destroys value.
NPV is generally preferred because it assumes reinvestment at the discount rate (more realistic) and does not have issues with unconventional cash flows.
Yes. You can evaluate whether to buy real estate, invest in education or any financial decision using the same principle.